{"id":2217,"date":"2025-05-21T01:40:12","date_gmt":"2025-05-20T17:40:12","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/?page_id=2217"},"modified":"2025-05-21T01:40:12","modified_gmt":"2025-05-20T17:40:12","slug":"muon-detection-techniques","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/muon-detection-techniques\/","title":{"rendered":"Muon Detection Techniques"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Scintillators<\/strong> (organics and inorganics)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Made of plastic doped with fluorescent substance or inorganic materials<\/li><li>Emits light when ionizing particles pass through them<sup>[1]<\/sup>.<\/li><li>Light is collected by photodetectors (PMT or SiPM<sup>[2]<\/sup>). The resulting electrical signal is usually digitized.<\/li><li>Fast response (~ns rise time), easy to use.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOve9CdNmFHqaRe0e0xXfUm-1024x861.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2204\" width=\"768\" height=\"646\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOve9CdNmFHqaRe0e0xXfUm-1024x861.png 1024w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOve9CdNmFHqaRe0e0xXfUm-300x252.png 300w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOve9CdNmFHqaRe0e0xXfUm-768x646.png 768w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOve9CdNmFHqaRe0e0xXfUm.png 1270w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Gaseous Detectors<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>A family of detectors that exploits the effect of electron avalanches in a gas-filled chamber upon ionizing particles passages.<\/li><li>Eg: Geiger tubes, multi-wire proportional chamber<sup>[3]<\/sup>, time projection chamber.<\/li><li>Micro-mesh gas detectors (micro-megas)<sup>[4]<\/sup>, resistive plate chambers (RPC), gas electron multiplier (GEM), etc., offer track reconstruction with sub-mm resolution.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNQsOmjR5lNNKrxCUY6q3gn-1024x696.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2203\" width=\"768\" height=\"522\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNQsOmjR5lNNKrxCUY6q3gn-1024x696.png 1024w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNQsOmjR5lNNKrxCUY6q3gn-300x204.png 300w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNQsOmjR5lNNKrxCUY6q3gn-768x522.png 768w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNQsOmjR5lNNKrxCUY6q3gn.png 1336w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Water Cherenkov Detectors<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Charged particles that&nbsp;move faster than the light in the water generate the&nbsp;Cerenkov radiation, analogous to the sonic boom.<\/li><li>The event topology of the Cherenkov lights provides information about the direction and type of the particles<sup>[5]<\/sup>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOaIwHaiCtLgYVWpJ7XNb4L-1024x984.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2202\" width=\"768\" height=\"738\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOaIwHaiCtLgYVWpJ7XNb4L-1024x984.png 1024w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOaIwHaiCtLgYVWpJ7XNb4L-300x288.png 300w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOaIwHaiCtLgYVWpJ7XNb4L-768x738.png 768w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHOaIwHaiCtLgYVWpJ7XNb4L.png 1190w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Nuclear Emulsion Technique<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>One of the earliest detection technique, captured pion-to-muon decays, providing crucial evidence for the muon&#8217;s discovery.<\/li><li>Automated high-speed nuclear emulsion readout system, combining an optical microscope with the latest computing technologies.<\/li><li>An alternative in muongraphy applications owing to its sub-\u00b5m spatial resolution, lightweight, and portable properties<sup>[6]<\/sup>.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNY8F7kvNRLnoA6caINj5Fr-1024x649.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2201\" width=\"768\" height=\"487\" srcset=\"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNY8F7kvNRLnoA6caINj5Fr-1024x649.png 1024w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNY8F7kvNRLnoA6caINj5Fr-300x190.png 300w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNY8F7kvNRLnoA6caINj5Fr-768x487.png 768w, https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/4\/2025\/05\/AgAANDa4yHNY8F7kvNRLnoA6caINj5Fr.png 1321w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 768px) 100vw, 768px\" \/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">References<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Masanori, K., <em>Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., <\/em><strong>62<\/strong>, 010503 (2023)<\/li><li>Gundacker, S. &amp; Arjan Heering, A., <em>Phys. Med. Biol<\/em>.,&nbsp;<strong>65<\/strong>, 17TR01 (2020)<\/li><li>Maxim, T., <em>NIMA<\/em>, <strong>581<\/strong>, 1-2, 25-37 (2007)<\/li><li>Fonte, P. &amp; Peskov, V., <em>Plasma Sources Sci. Technol<\/em>.,&nbsp;<strong>19<\/strong>, 034021 (2010)<\/li><li>Suzuki, Y., <em>Eur. Phys. J. C<\/em>,&nbsp;<strong>79<\/strong>, 298 (2019)<\/li><li>Morishima, K., et al., &nbsp;<em>Annals of Geophysics<\/em>,&nbsp;<strong>60(1)<\/strong>, S0112 (2017)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Scintillators (organics and inorganics) Made of plastic doped with fluorescent substance or inorganic materials Emits light when ionizing particles pass [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2217","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2217","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2217"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2217\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2289,"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2217\/revisions\/2289"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/web.tdli.sjtu.edu.cn\/kimsiang84\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2217"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}